Embodied AI is driving humanoid robots from demonstration prototypes toward practical factory applications. Their commercialization depends not only on AI, but also on joint modules with high power density, precision, low energy consumption, and manufacturability. Linear actuators, rotary actuators, and dexterous hands account for more than 70% of total system costs, involving ball screws, planetary roller screws, reducers, motors, bearings, and precision machining—key strengths of Taiwan’s machinery industry. This article examines how machine tool builders, component suppliers, and automation companies can move into joint modules, process equipment, and production validation to capture new high-value manufacturing opportunities.

This paper explores the development and application of industrial collaborative dual-arm robots for flexible, small-batch production. Compared to single-arm robots, dual-arm systems offer greater dexterity and coordination, reducing fixture requirements and improving efficiency in complex assembly tasks. Since 2011, PMC has developed dual-arm robots featuring modular design, EtherCAT-based control, and integrated safety mechanisms. Demonstrations include automated tool transport systems integrated with AMRs. Looking ahead, industrial automation will increasingly focus on human-robot collaboration rather than full labor replacement.